Magnetic levitation motors are used in high-speed rail. Linear motors are a novel type of motor. The combination of magnetic levitation and linear motors has led to new technologies, such as magnetic levitation trains and production conveyor lines.
Linear motors are primarily linear electric motors, a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy for linear motion without any intermediate conversion mechanism. They emerged in the second half of the 20th century in the field of electrical engineering, incorporating new principles and theories. Their unique advantages have increasingly attracted attention.
Linear motors can be manufactured in various configurations, including flat, cylindrical, and disc-shaped, depending on the needs. They can operate using various power sources, including AC, DC, and pulsed power. Linear motors can propel a helicopter weighing several thousand kilograms to speeds of several hundred kilometers per hour in seconds. When operating in a vacuum, they can reach speeds of several thousand or even tens of thousands of kilometers per hour. In the military, linear motors are used to create various electromagnetic guns and are being used to launch missiles and rockets. In the industrial sector, linear motors are used in production conveyor lines and various mechanical devices that require horizontal or vertical motion. In addition to their high speed and high thrust, linear motors also offer low speed and precision. For example, a stepper linear motor can achieve a step accuracy of 1μm. Consequently, linear motors are used in many precision instruments and equipment, such as computer head drives, camera shutters, automatic plotters, medical equipment, aerospace equipment, and various automated instruments and equipment. Furthermore, linear motors are used in a variety of civilian applications, such as moving doors, windows, tables, and chairs, and operating door locks and electric curtains. In particular, in the transportation industry, linear motors have been used to create magnetic levitation trains that can reach speeds exceeding 500 km/h.
Magnetic levitation technology is a contactless technology that has numerous applications in both rotational and linear motion. Its application advantages include:
1. Non-contact application, zero friction and wear, significantly reduced vibration and noise, and long lifespan;
2. Applications in special applications, such as vacuum, high and low temperatures, water vapor, and within living organisms, without damaging the original body;
3. Applications requiring control, such as position, overspeed, and vibration, are relatively easy to control;
4. Applications in some special applications, such as memory, learning, and judgment capabilities, and the ability to monitor, record, and diagnose operating conditions;
5. Applications requiring distributed control of forces, such as the distribution and control of force at various points in magnetic levitation vehicles and magnetic bearings.
